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Field Dodder,
Cuscuta campestris
Larger flowers than C. pentagona & w/o prominent angles at calyx lobe base, per Key to the Dodders (Cuscuta, Convolvulaceae) of Alabama and Adjacent States (Spaulding, 2013).
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Narrowleaf Dawnflower,
Stylisma angustifolia
Similar to S. patens and occurring in the same habitats, but calyx glabrous, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Field Bindweed,
Convolvulus arvensis
Smaller flowers than Calystegia and lacking its calyx-concealing bracts, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Blue Ridge Bindweed,
Convolvulus sericatus
In the genus Calystegia, 2 large bracts below the calyx conceal the sepals, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Scarlet Creeper,
Ipomoea hederifolia
Calyx shorter than that of I. coccinea, fruits erect not reflexed, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Common Morning Glory,
Ipomoea purpurea
Ipomoea has no bracts below calyx, whereas Calystegia and Convolvulus do, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Indian Midden Morning Glory,
Ipomoea macrorhiza
Calyx hairy, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 2nd ed. (McMillan, Porcher, Rayner, & White; 2022).
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Manroot,
Ipomoea pandurata
Calyx lobes coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, glabrous, strongly imbricate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Pineland Phlox,
Phlox nivalis +
Calyx lobes slightly less than or = tube, pubescent, some trichomes glandular, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Downy Phlox,
Phlox pilosa ssp. pilosa
Calyx lobes subulate [awn-shaped], per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Creeping Phlox,
Phlox stolonifera
Calyx 9-11mm long, lobes lanceolate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Mountain Phlox,
Phlox ovata
Calyx 8-11mm long, lobes lanceolate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Carolina Phlox,
Phlox carolina
Typically, P. carolina's calyxes longer, more cylindrical than P. glaberrima, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Carolina Phlox,
Phlox carolina
Calyx subcylindric, the sepals fairly broad, with a rather weak midrib, per Weakley's Flora.
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Spreading Jacob's-ladder,
Polemonium reptans var. reptans
Calyx puberulent, campanulate, persistent; lobes ovate-lanceolate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Baby Blue Eyes,
Nemophila aphylla
Calyx lobes lanceolate, pilose-hispid, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Mapleleaf Waterleaf,
Hydrophyllum canadense
Calyx lobes to 7mm long, margin bristly-hairy, lacking appendages in sinuses, per www.missouriplants.com (Tenaglia).
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Mapleleaf Waterleaf,
Hydrophyllum canadense
Calyx lobes lanceolate to linear-lanceolate. Capsule globular, becoming larger with age, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Fernleaf Phacelia,
Phacelia bipinnatifida
Calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, 5-8mm long, both surfaces strigose, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Miami-mist,
Phacelia purshii
Calyx lobes linear or weakly spatulate, hispid, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Fringed Phacelia,
Phacelia fimbriata
Calyx segments linear to spatulate, obtuse, per Britton & Brown's Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions (Britton & Brown, 1913).
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American Gromwell,
Lithospermum latifolium
A hairy green calyx with 5 linear-lanceolate teeth, per www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
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Spring Forget-me-not,
Myosotis verna
Flower white; calyx irregular with some of its hairs hooked at the end, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Blue Scorpion-grass,
Myosotis stricta
Pubescent annual to 2dm tall. Fruiting pedicels much shorter than the calyx, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Blue Scorpion-grass,
Myosotis stricta
Corolla blue, ~ 1.5mm broad, tube not exceeding the calyx, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Virginia Bluebells,
Mertensia virginica
Calyx 5-parted, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Purpletop Vervain,
Verbena bonariensis
Corolla tube 4-6(-7)mm, 1.5-2mm longer than the calyx, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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White Vervain,
Verbena urticifolia
Flowers 1/8" across. The tubular green calyx has 5 lanceolate teeth, per www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
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Carolina Vervain,
Verbena carnea
Rachis stipitate-glandular. Calyx and corolla tube pubescent, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Stiff Verbena,
Verbena rigida
Funnelform flower 2.5x longer than the hairy calyx and subtending bract, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Moss Vervain,
Glandularia aristigera
Corolla about 10mm or more broad and 2-2.5x as long as the calyx, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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American Lopseed,
Phryma leptostachya
After flowering, the hardened calyx is closely reflexed against the stem, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Narrowleaf Blue Curls,
Trichostema setaceum
Calyx 2-lipped, the lower lip's three teeth longer than the upper lip's two, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Glade Blue Curls,
Trichostema brachiatum
Calyx and corolla almost radially symmetrical. Stamens straight, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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American Germander,
Teucrium canadense var. canadense
Bracts shorter than, to slightly exceeding, calyx, the very lowest leaf-like, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Musky Mint,
Hyptis alata var. alata
Heads hemispheric, involucrate. Calyx teeth setaceous [bristle-like], per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Tropical Bushmint,
Cantinoa mutabilis
Calyx actinomorphic, per Weakley's Flora (2022).
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Mad-dog Skullcap,
Scutellaria lateriflora
The field mark of Skullcaps is a small but conspicuous protuberance on the calyx upper lip, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Hyssop Skullcap,
Scutellaria integrifolia
The fieldmark of Skullcaps is a small protuberance on calyx upper lip, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
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Hyssop Skullcap,
Scutellaria integrifolia
Enlarged calyx halves (the lower a persistent "dish") enclose nutlets, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Hoary Skullcap,
Scutellaria incana var. punctata
The enlarged calyx's helmet-like protuberance flips off when seeds ripen, per All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999).
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Eurasian Self-heal,
Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris
Calyx 2-lipped, upper lip 3-toothed, lower 2-parted, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Northern Obedient-plant,
Physostegia virginiana ssp. virginiana
Calyx lobes ascending and less than 1/3 the length of the tube, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Southern Obedient-plant,
Physostegia virginiana ssp. praemorsa
Calyx lobes ascending and less than 1/3 the length of the tube, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Tidal Marsh Obedient-plant,
Physostegia leptophylla
Flowering calyx tube 3-7(8)mm long; flowers usually > 20mm long, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Florida Betony,
Stachys floridana
Calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, about as long as the calyx tube, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Epling's Hedgenettle,
Stachys eplingii
Calyx lobes strongly deltoid, per Weakley's Flora (2012).
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Carolina Hedgenettle,
Stachys caroliniana
Calyx densely short-soft pubescent with abundant delicate, stipitate glands, per A new hedge-nettle (Stachys: Lamiaceae) from SC (Nelson & Rayner, 2014).
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Carolina Hedgenettle,
Stachys caroliniana
Note dense, short, uniform stem pubescence and relatively short calyx lobes, per A new hedge-nettle (Stachys: Lamiaceae) from SC (Nelson & Rayner, 2014).
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Broadtooth Hedgenettle,
Stachys latidens
Calyx 4-6mm long; calyx lobes spine-tipped, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Smooth Hedgenettle,
Stachys tenuifolia
Of North American Stachys, the only one w consistently curling calyx lobes. — John Nelson
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Mouse's-ear,
Stachys agraria
Corolla 4-6mm long (barely or not exceeding calyx), per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Lyreleaf Sage,
Salvia lyrata
Calyx 7-10mm long; mericarps 2-2.3mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Lyreleaf Sage,
Salvia lyrata
Calyx's upper lip is 3-toothed, lower 2-toothed; teeth are spine-tipped, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Nettleleaf Sage,
Salvia urticifolia
Calyx 5-10mm long, upper lip 3-toothed, lower 2-toothed, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Azure Sage,
Salvia azurea var. azurea
Calyx with antrorse [forward-pointing] hairs limited to major veins, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Basil Bergamot,
Monarda clinopodia
Orifice of the calyx glabrous to slightly hirsute with a few long hairs, per Weakley's Flora.
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Wild Bergamot,
Monarda fistulosa +
Orifice of the calyx densely hirsute with numerous erect, stiff, white hairs, per Weakley's Flora.
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Lemon Bergamot,
Monarda citriodora var. citriodora
Calyx lobes attenuated into a spinose awn 2-7mm long, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Lemon Bergamot,
Monarda citriodora var. citriodora
... aristate calyx teeth that are 3mm or longer, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).